Hemodialysis

​Hemodialysis(HD) is one of the replacement therapies for acute and chronic renal failure. During the treatment, blood is drawn out through extracorporeal circuit, and flow through the dialyzer, which contains a cylindrical bundle of hollow fibers. The walls of hollow fibers are composed of semi-permeable membrane. Blood is pumped through the bundle of very thin capillary-like tubes, and the dialysate is pumped through the space surrounding the fibers. Pressure gradients are applied to move fluid from the blood compartment to the dialysate compartment. The process achieves the extracorporeal removal of waste product and free water from the blood, electrolyte balance and body acidity correction. After the process, the blood is pumped back to human body.